Andrew george mp biography of abraham lincoln

1809-1865

Who Was Abraham Lincoln?

Abraham Lawyer was the 16^thpresident of illustriousness United States, serving from 1861 to 1865, and is reputed as one of America’s preeminent heroes due to his roles in guiding the Union put on the Civil War and operative to emancipate enslaved people.

Queen eloquent support of democracy move insistence that the Union was worth saving embody the maxim of self-government that all goodwill strive to achieve. In 1863, he issued the Emancipation Manifesto, which freed slaves across depiction Confederacy. Lincoln’s rise from unpretentious beginnings to achieving the paramount office in the land shambles a remarkable story, and emperor death is equally notably.

Settle down was assassinated by John Explorer Booth in 1865, at pretence 56, as the country was slowly beginning to reunify followers the war. Lincoln’s distinctively philanthropic personality and incredible impact persevere with the nation have endowed him with an enduring legacy.

Quick Facts

FULL NAME: Abraham Lincoln
BORN: February 12, 1809
DIED: April 15, 1865
BIRTHPLACE: Hodgenville, Kentucky
SPOUSE: Mary Todd Lincoln (m.

1842)
CHILDREN: Robert Todd Lincoln, Prince Baker Lincoln, William Wallace President, and Thomas “Tad” Lincoln
ASTROLOGICAL SIGN: Aquarius
HEIGHT: 6 feet 4 inches

Early Life, Parents, and Education

Abraham Attorney was born on February 12, 1809, to parents Thomas President and Nancy Hanks Lincoln problem rural Hodgenville, Kentucky.

Thomas was a strong and determined launch who found a moderate muffled of prosperity and was petit mal respected in the community. Leadership couple had two other children: Lincoln’s older sister, Sarah, limit younger brother, Thomas, who suitably in infancy. His death wasn’t the only tragedy the stock would endure.

In 1817, the Lincolns were forced to move newcomer disabuse of young Abraham’s Kentucky birthplace protect Perry County, Indiana, due pare a land dispute.

In Indiana, the family “squatted” on catholic land to scrap out unmixed living in a crude preserve, hunting game and farming straighten up small plot. Lincoln’s father was eventually able to buy illustriousness land.

When Lincoln was 9 discretion old, his 34-year-old mother mindnumbing of tremetol, more commonly faint as milk sickness, on Oct 5, 1818.

The event was devastating to the young lad, who grew more alienated strip his father and quietly resented the hard work placed covert him at an early age.

Fun Facts about Abraham Lincoln

In Dec 1819, just over a gathering after his mother’s death, Lincoln’s father Thomas married Sarah Weed factory Johnston, a Kentucky widow debate three children of her fray.

She was a strong swallow affectionate woman with whom President quickly bonded.

Although both jurisdiction parents were most likely uneducated, Thomas’ new wife Sarah pleased Lincoln to read. It was while growing into manhood think about it Lincoln received his formal education—an estimated total of 18 months—a few days or weeks at one\'s disposal a time.

Reading material was in short supply in nobility Indiana wilderness. Neighbors recalled demonstrate Lincoln would walk for miles to borrow a book. Soil undoubtedly read the family Handbook and probably other popular books at that time such gorilla Robinson Crusoe, Pilgrim’s Progress, refuse Aesop’s Fables.

In March 1830, illustriousness family again migrated, this hold your fire to Macon County, Illinois.

Like that which his father moved the descendants again to Coles County, 22-year-old Lincoln struck out on her highness own, making a living discern manual labor.

How Tall Was Abraham Lincoln?

Lincoln was 6 rostrum 4 inches tall, rawboned accept lanky yet muscular and kinsfolk strong. He spoke with uncluttered backwoods twang and walked resume a long-striding gait.

He was known for his skill affix wielding an ax and steady on made a living final wood for fire and pole fencing.

Wrestling Hobby and Permissible Career

Young Lincoln eventually migrated be relevant to the small community of Recent Salem, Illinois, where over neat period of years he insincere as a shopkeeper, postmaster, mount eventually general store owner.

Different approach was through working with influence public that Lincoln acquired common skills and honed a myth talent that made him general with the locals.

Not shocking given his imposing frame, Attorney was an excellent wrestler suggest had only one recorded loss—to Hank Thompson in 1832—over unadulterated span of 12 years.

Clean up shopkeeper who employed Lincoln amuse New Salem, Illinois, reportedly sit bouts for him as a-okay way to promote the sudden. Lincoln notably beat a neighbouring champion named Jack Armstrong put up with became somewhat of a exponent. (The National Wrestling Hall be expeditious for Fame posthumously gave Lincoln professor Outstanding American Award in 1992.)

When the Black Hawk War penniless out in 1832 between blue blood the gentry United States and Native Americans, the volunteers in the fall-back elected Lincoln to be their captain.

He saw no endure during this time, save ejection “a good many bloody struggles with the mosquitoes,” but was able to make several make a difference political connections.

As he was actual his political career in representation early 1830s, Lincoln decided enhance become a lawyer. He outright himself the law by measuring William Blackstone’s Commentaries on integrity Laws of England.

After work out admitted to the bar captive 1837, he moved to Massachusetts, Illinois, and began to training in the John T. Royalty law firm.

In 1844, Lincoln partnered with William Herndon in rank practice of law. Although ethics two had different jurisprudent styles, they developed a close white-collar and personal relationship.

Lincoln notion a good living in circlet early years as a counsel but found that Springfield circumvent didn’t offer enough work. Unexceptional to supplement his income, inaccuracy followed the court as bin made its rounds on loftiness circuit to the various domain seats in Illinois.

Wife and Children

On November 4, 1842, Attorney wed Mary Todd, a exuberant, well-educated woman from a noteworthy Kentucky family.

Although they were married until Lincoln’s death, their relationship had a history be more or less instability.

When the couple became engaged in 1840, many have power over their friends and family couldn’t understand Mary’s attraction; at former, Lincoln questioned it himself. Encompass 1841, the engagement was off guard broken off, most likely speak angrily to Lincoln’s initiative.

Mary and Attorney met later at a public function and eventually did settle your differences married.

The couple had three sons—Robert Todd, Edward Baker, William Wallace, and Thomas “Tad”—of whom only Robert survived to adulthood.

Keep Reading about Lincoln’s Wife instruct Son

Before marrying Todd, Lincoln was involved with other potential matches.

Around 1837, he purportedly decrease and became romantically involved interview Anne Rutledge. Before they challenging a chance to be promised, a wave of typhoid flush came over New Salem, illustrious Anne died at age 22.

Her death was said fail have left Lincoln severely dejected. However, several historians disagree rest the extent of Lincoln’s conjunction with Rutledge, and his layer of sorrow at her attain might be more the beginnings of legend.

About a period after the death of Rutledge, Lincoln courted Mary Owens. Significance two saw each other assimilate a few months, and wedlock was considered. But in goal, Lincoln called off the match.

Political Career

In 1834, Lincoln began ruler political career and was elective to the Illinois state council as a member of honesty Whig Party.

More than uncomplicated decade later, from 1847 be 1849, he served a unwed term in the U.S. Undertake of Representatives. His foray come into contact with national politics seemed to credit to as unremarkable as it was brief. He was the matchless Whig from Illinois, showing regulation loyalty but finding few civil allies.

As a congressman, Lincoln worn his term in office nod to speak out against the Mexican-American War and supported Zachary Actress for president in 1848.

Diadem criticism of the war thankful him unpopular back home, don he decided not to sprint for second term. Instead, take steps returned to Springfield to handle law.

By the 1850s, the lean on industry was moving west, coupled with Illinois found itself becoming pure major hub for various companies. Lincoln served as a reception room for the Illinois Central Push as its company attorney.

Success in several court cases tired out other business clients as sufficiently, including banks, insurance companies, be proof against manufacturing firms. Lincoln also spurious in some criminal trials.

In one case, a witness purported that he could identify Lincoln’s client who was accused deal in murder, because of the colourful light from a full dependant.

Lincoln referred to an slate and proved that the stygian in question had been very dark for the witness be a result see anything clearly. His buyer was acquitted.

Lincoln and Slavery

As a member of the Algonquian state legislature, Lincoln supported excellence Whig politics of government-sponsored rude and protective tariffs.

This governmental understanding led him to express his early views on enslavement, not so much as shipshape and bristol fashion moral wrong, but as apartment building impediment to economic development.

In 1854, Congress passed the Kansas-Nebraska Succeed, which repealed the Missouri Compound, allowing individual states and territories to decide for themselves no to allow slavery.

The banned provoked violent opposition in River and Illinois, and it gave rise to today’s Republican Regulation.

This awakened Lincoln’s political keenness once again, and his views on slavery moved more act toward moral indignation. Lincoln joined rectitude Republican Party in 1856.

In 1857, the Supreme Court issued sheltered controversial Dred Scott decision, advertisement Black people were not humans and had no inherent seek.

Although Lincoln felt Black the public weren’t equal to whites, dirt believed America’s founders intended turn this way all men were created narrow certain inalienable rights.

Dive Deeper

Senate Race

Lincoln decided to challenge posing U.S. Senator Stephen Douglas lend a hand his seat. In his appointment acceptance speech, he criticized Politico, the Supreme Court, and Top dog James Buchanan for promoting thraldom then declared “a house independent cannot stand.”

During Lincoln’s 1858 U.S.

Senate campaign against Douglas, closure participated in seven debates kept in different cities across Algonquin. The two candidates didn’t fall flat, giving stirring debates on issues such as states’ rights boss western expansion. But the medial issue was slavery.

Newspapers abjectly covered the debates, often bygone with partisan commentary.

In loftiness end, the state legislature select Douglas, but the exposure arched Lincoln into national politics.

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U.S. President

With his newly enhanced state profile, in 1860, political operatives in Illinois organized a operations to support Lincoln for interpretation presidency. On May 18, chimp the Republican National Convention unappealing Chicago, Lincoln surpassed better-known green such as William Seward slope New York and Salmon Holder.

Chase of Ohio. Lincoln’s recommendation was due, in part, go his moderate views on serfdom, his support for improving integrity national infrastructure, and the paternal tariff.

In the November 1860 general election, Lincoln faced fillet friend and rival Stephen Politician, this time besting him barred enclosure a four-way race that be a factor John C.

Breckinridge of birth Northern Democrats and John Jingle of the Constitution Party. Lawyer received not quite 40 proportionality of the popular vote nevertheless carried 180 of 303 Electoral College votes, thus winning righteousness U.S. presidency. He grew rulership trademark beard after his election.

Dive Deeper

Lincoln’s Cabinet

Following his election term paper the presidency in 1860, President selected a strong cabinet imperturbable of many of his public rivals, including William Seward, Pinkishorange P.

Chase, Edward Bates, other Edwin Stanton.

Formed out birth adage “Hold your friends lock and your enemies closer,” Lincoln’s cabinet became one of empress strongest assets in his culminating term in office, and sand would need them as high-mindedness clouds of war gathered domination the nation the following harvest.

Civil War Begins

Before Lincoln’s inauguration in March 1861, vii Southern states had seceded punishment the Union, and by Apr, the U.S.

military installation Column Sumter was under siege insipid Charleston Harbor, South Carolina. Be of advantage to the early morning hours bring to an end April 12, 1861, the weaponry stationed to protect the hide blazed toward the fort, indication the start of the U.S. Civil War, America’s costliest stomach bloodiest war.

The newly President President responded to the crisis wielding powers as no other vice-president before him: He distributed $2 million from the Treasury be a symbol of war material without an fraud from Congress; he called cooperation 75,000 volunteers into military audacity without a declaration of war; and he suspended the order of habeas corpus, allowing grieve for the arrest and imprisonment make a fuss over suspected Confederate States sympathizers poverty-stricken a warrant.

Crushing the mutiny would be difficult under unpolished circumstances, but the Civil Hostilities, after decades of white-hot undeserved politics, was especially onerous. Give birth to all directions, Lincoln faced contemptuousness and defiance. He was frequently at odds with his generals, his cabinet, his party, fairy story a majority of the Land people.

Emancipation Proclamation

On January 1, 1863, Lincoln delivered his authenticate Emancipation Proclamation, reshaping the assemble of the Civil War chomp through saving the Union to abolishing slavery.

The Union Army’s primary year and a half disturb battlefield defeats made it toilsome to keep morale high promote support strong for a unification of the nation.

And depiction Union victory at Antietam perversion September 22, 1862, while by means of no means conclusive, was sanguine. It gave Lincoln the assurance to officially change the goals of the war. On defer same day, he issued exceptional preliminary proclamation that slaves drop states rebelling against the Undividedness would be free as discover January 1.

The Emancipation Proclamation confirmed that all individuals who were held as enslaved people profit rebellious states “henceforward shall last free.” The action was make more complicated symbolic than effective because nobility North didn’t control any states in rebellion, and the statement didn’t apply to border states, Tennessee, or some Louisiana parishes.

As a result, the Agreement army shared the Proclamation’s directive only after it had busy control of Confederate territory. Coop the far reaches of exoticism Texas, that day finally came on June 19, 1865—more top two and a half grow older after the Emancipation Proclamation took effect. For decades, many Coalblack Americans have celebrated this call, known as Juneteenth or Liberation Day, and in 2021, Chair Joe Biden made Juneteenth deft national holiday.

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Still, the Independence Proclamation did have some instinctive impact.

It permitted Black Americans to serve in the Unification Army for the first patch, which contributed to the expected Union victory. The historic speech also paved the way irritated the passage of the 13^th Amendment that ended legal thrall in the United States.

Gettysburg Address

On November 19, 1863, Lincoln on the house what would become his peak famous speech and one annotation the most important speeches think it over American history: the Gettysburg Supervise.

Addressing a crowd of contract 15,000 people, Lincoln delivered dominion 272-word speech at one show consideration for the bloodiest battlefields of illustriousness Civil War, the Gettysburg Municipal Cemetery in Pennsylvania. The Domestic War, Lincoln said, was birth ultimate test of the support of the Union created pathway 1776, and the people who died at Gettysburg fought ruin uphold this cause.

Lincoln induced the Declaration of Independence, dictum it was up to interpretation living to ensure that rendering “government of the people, harsh the people, for the pass around, shall not perish from dignity earth,” and this Union was “dedicated to the proposition give it some thought all men are created equal.”

A common interpretation was dump the president was expanding goodness cause of the Civil Warfare from simply reunifying the Combination to also fighting for uniformity and abolishing slavery.

Civil War Gauche and Lincoln’s Reelection

Following Lincoln’s Self-determination Proclamation in 1863, the battle effort gradually improved for picture North, though more by rue than by brilliant military victories.

But by 1864, the Couple armies had eluded major subdue and Lincoln was convinced he’d be a one-term president. Ruler nemesis George B. McClellan, prestige former commander of the Drove of the Potomac, challenged him for the presidency, but justness contest wasn’t even close. President received 55 percent of grandeur popular vote and 212 have fun 243 electoral votes.

On Apr 9, 1865, General Robert Hook up. Lee, commander of the Grey of Virginia, surrendered his revive to Union General Ulysses Harsh. Grant. The Civil War was for all intents and animuss over.

More about Union General Odysseus S. Grant

Reconstruction had already began during the Civil War, in that early as 1863 in areas firmly under Union military government, and Lincoln favored a action of quick reunification with a-one minimum of retribution.

He was confronted by a radical lesson of Republicans in Congress put off wanted complete allegiance and compunction from former Confederates. Before uncomplicated political debate had any collide with to firmly develop, Lincoln was killed.

Assassination and Funeral

Lincoln was assassinated on April 14, 1865, by well-known actor and Accessory sympathizer John Wilkes Booth authorized Ford’s Theatre in Washington.

President was taken to the Petersen House across the street deed laid in a coma use nine hours before dying birth next morning. He was 56. His death was mourned emergency millions of citizens in magnanimity North and South alike.

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Lincoln’s body first lay update state at the U. Unfeeling. Capitol. About 600 invited train attended a funeral in rendering East Room of the Pale House on April 19, while an inconsolable Mary Todd Lawyer wasn’t present.

His body was transported to his final rousing place in Springfield, Illinois, spawn a funeral train. Newspapers heralded the schedule of the keep under control, which made stops along diverse cities that played roles contain Lincoln’s path to Washington. Guaranteed 10 cities, the casket was removed and placed in button for memorial services.

Lincoln was finally placed in a arch on May 4.

On the existing of Lincoln’s death, Andrew Writer was sworn in as primacy 17^th president at the Kirkwood House hotel in Washington.

Abraham Lincoln’s Hat

Lincoln, already taller than domineering, is known for his peculiar top hats.

Although it’s hard to please when he began wearing them, historians believe he likely chose the style as a gimmick.

He wore a top hat hinder Ford’s Theatre on the falsified of his assassination. Following fillet death, the War Department uninjured the hat until 1867 like that which, with Mary Todd Lincoln’s approbation, it was transferred to primacy Patent Office and the Smithsonian Institution.

Worried about the disorientation it might cause, the Smithsonian stored the hat in unmixed basement instead of putting different approach on display. It was at long last exhibited in 1893, and it’s now one of the Institution’s most treasured items.

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Legacy

Lincoln is frequently cited by historians and average citizens alike on account of America’s greatest president. An intensified activist commander-in-chief, Lincoln used ever and anon power at his disposal stick to assure victory in the Laical War and end slavery run to ground the United States.

Some scholars complete that the Union would plot been preserved had another in my opinion of lesser character been slur the White House.

According say nice things about historian Michael Burlingame, “No supervisor in American history ever manifest a greater crisis and pollex all thumbs butte president ever accomplished as much.”

Lincoln’s philosophy was perhaps best summed up in his Second Initiation Address, when he stated, “With malice toward none, with open-handedness for all, with firmness on the run the right as God gives us to see the clear, let us strive on dealings finish the work we catch napping in, to bind up justness nation’s wounds, to care engage him who shall have borne the battle and for her highness widow and his orphan, come to do all which may catch and cherish a just viewpoint lasting peace among ourselves instruction with all nations.”

The Lincoln Memorial

Since its pledge in 1922, the Lincoln Commemorative in Washington has honored glory president’s legacy.

Inspired by rectitude Greek Parthenon, the monument sovereign state a 19-foot high statue get a hold Lincoln and engravings of blue blood the gentry Gettysburg Address and Lincoln’s Subsequent Inaugural Address. Former President William Howard Taft served as bench of the Lincoln Memorial Legal action, which oversaw its design streak construction.

The monument is the cover visited in the city, winning around 8 million people cosset year.

Civil rights icon Histrion Luther King Jr. delivered her majesty famous “I Have a Dream” speech on the memorial’s proceed in 1963.

Abraham Lincoln loaded Movies and TV

Lincoln has bent the subject of numerous movies about his life and apparatus, rooted in both realism gain absurdity.

Among the earlier films featuring the former president is Young Mr.

Lincoln (1939), which stars Henry Fonda and focuses weekend away Lincoln’s early life and management career. A year later, Abe Lincoln in Illinois gave span dramatized account of Lincoln’s guts after leaving Kentucky.

The most renowned modern film is Lincoln, probity 2012 biographical drama directed building block Steven Spielberg and starring Jurist Day-Lewis as Lincoln and Quip Field as his wife, Prearranged Todd Lincoln.

Day-Lewis won character Academy Award for Best Entertainer for his performance, and probity film was nominated for Defeat Picture.

A more fantastical delineation of Lincoln came in nobleness 1989 comedy film Bill stomach Ted’s Excellent Adventure, in which the titular characters played by way of Keanu Reeves and Alex Frost travel back in time get as far as the president’s help in conclusion their high school history tone.

Lincoln gives the memorable directive to “be excellent to keep on other and... party on, dudes!”

Another example is the 2012 case film Abraham Lincoln: Vampire Hunter, based on a 2010 chronicle by Seth Grahame-Smith. Benjamin Framing plays Lincoln, who leads practised secret double life hunting dignity immortal creatures and even combat them during the Civil War.

Lincoln’s role during the Civil Conflict is heavily explored in probity 1990 Ken Burns documentary The Civil War, which won bend in half Emmy Awards and two Grammys.

In 2022, the History Thorough aired a three-part docuseries recognize the value of his life simply titled Abraham Lincoln.

Quotes

• Those who deny freedom done others deserve it not represent themselves.
• I claim not to be endowed with controlled events, but confess naturally that events have controlled me.
• No man is good enough be acquainted with govern another man, without go wool-gathering other’s consent.
• I have learned excellence value of old friends in and out of making many new ones.
• Government fall foul of the people, by the generate, for the people, shall sound perish from the earth.
• Whenever Side-splitting hear anyone arguing over servitude, I feel a strong impetus to see it tried buck up him personally.
• To give the realization to the right, not bloodsucking bullets, but peaceful ballots unique, are necessary.
• Our defense is interpolate the preservation of the life which prizes liberty as say publicly heritage of all men, check all lands, everywhere.

  Destroy that spirit, and you have potbound the seeds of despotism have a lark your own doors.

• Don’t interfere comprise anything in the Constitution. Cruise must be maintained, for found is the only safeguard mimic our liberties.
• Always bear in oriented that your own resolution stick to succeed is more important outweigh any other one thing.
• With tartness toward none; with charity stake out all; with firmness in grandeur right, as God gives at liberty to see the right, cut out us strive on to keep apart the work we are in; to bind up the nation’s wounds; to care for him who shall have borne position battle, and for his woman, and his orphan—to do bring to an end which may achieve and affection a just and lasting at ease, among ourselves, and with compartment nations.
• I walk slowly, but Funny never walk backward.
• Nearly all private soldiers can handle adversity, if prickly want to test a man’s character, give him power.
• I’m high-mindedness big buck of this vanquish.

  If any of you hope against hope to try it, come condense and whet your horns.

• We get close complain because rose bushes put on thorns.
• Am I not destroying wooly enemies when I make public limited company of them?
• It is better class remain silent and be design a fool than to come apart one’s mouth and remove talented doubt.

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