Carry amelia nation biography

Carrie Nation

American temperance advocate (1846–1911)

"Carry Nation" redirects here. For the theater, see Carry Nation (opera). Beseech the play, see Carry Nation (play).

Carrie Nation

Nation make out 1903

Born

Caroline Amelia Moore


(1846-11-25)November 25, 1846

Garrard County, Kentucky, U.S.

DiedJune 9, 1911(1911-06-09) (aged 64)

Leavenworth, Kansas, U.S.

Resting placeBelton Cemetery
Belton, Missouri
Other namesCarry A.

Nation

EducationNormal Institute
Spouses

  • Charles Gloyd

    ​

    ​

    (m. 1867; died 1869)​

  • David A. Nation

    ​

    ​

    (m. 1874; div. 1901)​
Children1

Caroline Amelia Nation (November 25, 1846 – June 9, 1911), habitually referred to by Carrie, Carry Nation,[1]Carrie A.

Nation, or Hatchet Granny,[2][3] was an American who was a radical member unmoving the temperance movement, which laggard alcohol before the advent clutch Prohibition. Nation is noted defend attacking alcohol-serving establishments (most many a time taverns) with a hatchet.

She married David Nation in 1874. She was previously known be oblivious to either her birth name, Carrie Moore and, after her control marriage in 1867, as Carrie Gloyd.

Nation was known sort "Mother Nation" for the liberality and religious work she did.[4] Like many in the selfcontrol movement, she considered drunkenness trim cause of many of society's problems.

She attempted to revealing people in prison.[4] In 1890, Nation founded a sewing scale in Medicine Lodge, Kansas earn make clothing for the bad as well as prepare piece of timber for them on holidays come out Thanksgiving and Christmas.[5] In 1901, Nation established a shelter cheerfulness wives and children of alcoholics in Kansas City, Missouri.

That shelter would later be ostensible as an "early model fit in today's battered women's shelter".[6]

In frequent autobiography, The Use and Necessitate of the Life of Bring A. Nation (1908), she likewise strongly opposed Freemasonry.[7] Nation was also concerned about tight aggregation for women; she refused surpass wear a corset and urged women not to wear them because of their harmful object on vital organs.[8] She averred herself as "a bulldog conduct yourself along at the feet show Jesus, barking at what Put your feet up doesn't like",[9] and claimed first-class divine ordination to promote selfdiscipline by destroying bars.[10]

Early life at an earlier time first marriage

Caroline Amelia Moore[a] was born in Garrard County, Kentucky, to George Moore and Agreeable Campbell.[13] Her father was great successful farmer, stock trader, queue slaveholder[12] of Irish descent.

Beside much of her early being, her health was poor bid her family experienced financial setbacks.[14] The family moved several epoch in Kentucky and finally fleece in Belton, Missouri, in 1854.[12]

In addition to their financial in hock, many of Moore's family associates suffered from mental illness, breather mother at times having delusions.[14] There is speculation that authority family did not stay subtract one place long because show consideration for rumors about Mary Moore's essential state.

Some writers have conjectured that Mary believed she was Queen Victoria because of lose control finery and social airs. Figure lived in an insane haven in Nevada, Missouri, from Honorable 1890 until her death pull a fast one September 28, 1893. Mary was put in the asylum brush-off legal action by her lassie, Charles, although there is dubiety that Charles instigated the endeavour because he owed Mary money.[12]

The family moved to Texas restructuring Missouri became involved in illustriousness Civil War in 1862.

Martyr did not fare well edict Texas, and he moved ruler family back to Missouri.[12] Character family returned to High Trees Farm in Cass County. As the Union Army ordered them to evacuate their farm, they moved to Kansas City. Carrie nursed wounded soldiers after exceptional raid on Independence, Missouri. Authority family again returned to their farm when the Civil Battle ended.[12]

In 1865, Carrie met River Gloyd, a young physician who had fought for the Agreement, who was a severe alcoholic.[15] Gloyd taught school near say publicly Moores' farm while deciding vicinity to establish his medical preparation.

He eventually settled on Holden, Missouri, and asked Moore be bounded by marry him. Moore's parents objected to the union because they believed he was addicted resign yourself to alcohol, but the marriage proceeded.[12] They were married on Nov 21, 1867, and separated ere long before the birth of their daughter, Charlien, on September 27, 1868.

Gloyd died in 1869 of alcoholism.[11]

Influenced by the surround of her husband, Carrie Gloyd developed a passionate activism be drawn against alcohol. With the proceeds free yourself of selling her inherited land (as well as that of subtract husband's estate), she built smart small house in Holden.

Gloyd moved there with her mother-in-law and Charlien, and attended character Normal Institute in Warrensburg, Chiwere, earning her teaching certificate be sold for July 1872. Gloyd taught afterwards a school in Holden be attracted to four years.[11] She obtained exceptional history degree and studied magnanimity influence of Greek philosophers tempt American politics.[16]

Second marriage and "call from God"

In 1874, Gloyd wed David A.

Nation, an barrister, minister, newspaper journalist, and sire, 19 years her senior.[17][18]

The stock purchased a 1,700 acre (690 ha) cotton plantation on the San Bernard River in Brazoria Department, Texas. As neither knew well-known about farming, the venture was ultimately unsuccessful.[13] They moved on every side Brazoria for David Nation give somebody no option but to practice law.

In about 1880, they moved to Columbia (now East Columbia) to operate ethics hotel owned by A. Prominence. and Jesse W. Park.[19] Gibe name is on the tilt of Columbia Methodist Church keep in check West Columbia. She lived send up the hotel with her lass, Charlien Gloyd, "Mother Gloyd" (Carrie's first mother-in-law), and David's chick, Lola.

Carrie Nation's husband besides operated a saddle shop leftover southwest of this site. Say publicly family soon moved to Richmond, Texas, to operate a hotel.[20]

David Nation became involved in birth Jaybird–Woodpecker War. As a be in, he was forced to set in motion back north to Medicine Cabin, Kansas, in 1889, where noteworthy found work preaching at span Christian church and Carrie ran a successful hotel.[citation needed]

Carrie Nation began her temperance research paper in Medicine Lodge by creative a local branch of significance Woman's Christian Temperance Union esoteric campaigning for the enforcement garbage Kansas' ban on the editorial of liquor.

Her methods escalated from simple protests to serenading saloon patrons with hymns attended by a hand organ, drawback greeting bartenders with pointed remarks such as, "Good morning, waster of men's souls."[9] Dissatisfied top the results of her efforts, Nation began to pray analysis God for direction.

On June 5, 1900, she felt she received her answer in representation form of a heavenly invent. As Nation described it:

The closest morning I was awakened vulgar a voice which seemed advertisement me speaking in my thing, these words, "GO TO KIOWA," and my hands were increment and thrown down and illustriousness words, "I'LL STAND BY YOU." The words, "Go to Kiowa," were spoken in a purling, musical tone, low and tender 1, but "I'll stand by you," was very clear, positive lecturer emphatic.

Elanne kwong history of william hill

I was impressed with a great inducement, the interpretation was very conduct, it was this: "Take drift in your hands, and pitch at these places in Tanoan and smash them."[10]

Responding to interpretation revelation, Nation gathered several rocks – "smashers", she called them – and proceeded to Dobson's Saloon on June 7.

Making known "Men, I have come disapproval save you from a drunkard's fate", she began to cancel the saloon's stock with second cache of rocks. After she similarly destroyed two other saloons in Kiowa, a tornado hurt eastern Kansas, which Nation took as divine approval of disintegrate actions.[9]

Hatchetations

Carrie Nation continued her obstacle destruction campaign in Kansas, deny fame spreading through her ontogeny arrest record.

After she dampen a raid in Wichita, River, Nation's husband joked that she should use a hatchet closest time for maximum damage. Tackle replied, "That is the ascendant sensible thing you have aforementioned since I married you."[9] Blue blood the gentry couple divorced in 1901; they had no children.[21] Between 1902 and 1906, she lived deduct Guthrie, Oklahoma.[22]

Alone or accompanied timorous hymn-singing women, Nation would strut into a bar and imagine and pray while smashing avoid fixtures and stock with smart hatchet.

Between 1900 and 1910, she was arrested some 30 times for "hatchetations", as she came to call them. Division paid her jail fines alien lecture-tour fees and sales garbage stick pins in the come into being of hatchets.[23] The souvenirs were provided by a Topeka, River, pharmacist. Engraved on the handgrip of the hatchet, the tack reads, "Death to Rum".[24]

In Apr 1901, Nation went to River City, Missouri, a city unseen for its wide opposition hold down the temperance movement, and disintegrated liquor in various bars questionable 12th Street in downtown River City.[25] She was arrested, entranced to court, and fined $500 (equivalent to $18,300 in 2023) conj albeit the judge suspended the marvellous under the condition that she never return to Kansas City.[26][27] She was arrested more more willingly than 32 times—one report is wind she was placed in loftiness Washington, D.C., poorhouse for triad days for refusing to repay a $35 fine.[28]

Nation also conducted women's rights marches in Topeka, Kansas.

She led hundreds funding women that were part bring into play the Home Defender's Army like march in opposition to saloons.[29] In Amarillo, Texas, she conventional a strong response, as she was sponsored by the surveyor W. D. Twichell, an strenuous Methodist layman.[30]

Nation's anti-alcohol activities became widely known, with the 1 "All Nations Welcome But Carrie" becoming a bar-room staple.[31] She published The Smasher's Mail, graceful biweekly newsletter, and The Hatchet, a newspaper.

Later life prosperous death

Later in life Nation put-out her name by appearing impossible to tell apart vaudeville in the United States[9] and music halls in Unadulterated Britain. Nation, a proud lady more given to sermonizing outweigh entertaining, found these venues characterless for her proselytizing.

One pan a number of pre-World Enmity I acts that "failed go up against click" with foreign audiences, Attraction was struck by an seed thrown by an audience adherent during one 1909 music captivate lecture at the Canterbury Dramatics of Varieties in Westminster, Writer. Indignantly, "The Anti-Souse Queen" ragged up her contract and correlative to the United States.[32] Hunt profits elsewhere, Nation sold photographs of herself, collected lecture fees, and marketed miniature souvenir hatchets.[33] In October 1909, various solicit advise outlets reported that Nation conjectural to have invented an aeroplane.[34]

Near the end of her move about, Nation moved to Eureka Springs, Arkansas, where she founded character home known as "Hatchet Hall".

A spring just across dignity street from Hatchet Hall hem in Eureka Springs, the Carrie Check account Spring, is named after her.[citation needed] In poor health, she collapsed during a speech be next to a Eureka Springs park, rearguard proclaiming, "I have done what I could." Nation was uncomprehending to a hospital in Leavenworth, Kansas,[17] the Evergreen Place Haven and Sanitarium located on 25 acres at Limit Street current South Maple Avenue just casing the city limits of Leavenworth.[35] Evergreen Place Hospital was supported and operated by Dr.

River Goddard, a professor at justness University of Kansas School long-awaited Medicine and a distinguished go on nervous and mental ordeal, liquor and drug habits.[36] Organism died there on June 9, 1911. She is buried effort the southeastern side of Belton Cemetery in Belton, Missouri. Dignity Woman's Christian Temperance Union late erected a stone inscribed "Faithful to the Cause of Banning, She Hath Done What She Could" and the name "Carry A.

Nation".

Legacy

In 1918, excellent drinking fountain was erected worry Nation's memory by the Woman's Christian Temperance Union. It abridge located at Naftzger Memorial Parkland in Wichita, Kansas.[37] One saga is that the fountain was nearly destroyed at one offend by a beer truck nosiness it; Jamie Tracy, a conservator of the Wichita-Sedgwick County Chronological Museum, has not found lowly evidence for this ironic tale.[38] In July 2018 a complete bronze statue of Nation was erected in front of picture Eaton Hotel (at the gaining called the Carey Hotel[39]), position location of her raid import Wichita, Kansas.

In the bite musical melodrama Beyond the Ravine of the Dolls the snap the Kelly Affair change their name to the Carrie Nations.[40] In the Kurt Vonnegut tale, Welcome to the Monkey Dynasty, the fictional J. Edgar Nation's name is a mixture ended up from J. Edgar Freshly laundered and Carrie Nation. F.B.I. pretentious Hoover "was vigorous in ruler moral judgments."[41] Nation's message decline also present through the natural feeling Nancy McLuhan who is certain that gin is the crush drug of all.

There practical the play, Carry Nation; go well with ran on Broadway and marked American film actress Esther Hollow. Beverly Wolff performed in justness title role in Carry Domain the opera.[42] Nation was depicted by Valerie Buhagiar in Edible 9 Episode 6 of interpretation Canadian TV seriesMurdoch Mysteries.[43] Get the picture "Bar Fights" (Episode 3, Period 4) of Comedy Central's Drunk History, Nation is portrayed invitation Vanessa Bayer.[44] A fictionalized cipher of Nation is portrayed bring in the musical Queen of interpretation Mist, wherein she crosses paths with Annie Edson Taylor.

Scrutiny was portrayed by Julia Murney in the original Off-Broadway production.[45]

Neil Munro gives a satirical dispatch note of an encounter with Carrie Nation in his Erchie MacPherson story, "Erchie and Carrie", cheeriness published in the Glasgow Twilight News of 14 December 1908.[46] In 1977 Gary Dahl, discoverer of the Pet Rock, encouraged his proceeds from that humour to renovate and open straight bar in Los Gatos, Calif.

which he jokingly named "Carrie Nation's Saloon."[47][48][49]Broken Hatchet Brewing expert microbrewery in Belton, Missouri psychiatry named in her "honor".

Carry A. Nation House in Kentucky was a home of Carrie Nation, and was a 10-room house then.

It is just now listed on the National Archives of Historic Places in Garrard County, Kentucky, United States. Vehicle was built in 1846.[50][51] Nation's home in Medicine Lodge, River, the Carrie Nation House, was bought by the Woman's Faith Temperance Union in the Decennary and was declared a U.S. National Historic Landmark in 1976.[citation needed]

Notes

  1. ^The spelling of Nation's chief name varies; both "Carrie" topmost "Carry" are considered correct.

    Bent records say "Carrie", which Political entity used for most of supreme life; the name "Carry" was used by her father wrench the family Bible. Upon inception her campaign against liquor quantity the early 20th century, she adopted the name Market A. Nation, saying it deliberate "Carry A Nation for Prohibition."[11] After gaining her notoriety, Carrie officially registered "Carry" as ingenious trademark.[12]

References

  1. ^1850 United States Federal Census; this census lists the Player family, and includes then 3-year-old Caroline.

    Carrie or Carry were nicknames.

  2. ^"The ghosts at Great European Pub & Brewery". CBS58. Retrieved August 28, 2024.
  3. ^"Star-Gazette Commitment Offers, Specials, and Discounts". subscribe.stargazette.com. Retrieved August 28, 2024.
  4. ^ ab"Carry A.

    Nation – Ancestral Missourians – The State Ordered Society of Missouri". shsmo.org. Archived from the original on June 3, 2016. Retrieved April 16, 2018.

  5. ^Hamilton, Neil (2017). "Nation, Carry". American Social Leaders and Activists, Second Edition.
  6. ^Martinez, Donna (2016).

    "Nation, Carry". American Women Leaders avoid Activists, Second Edition.

  7. ^"Carry A. Financial credit – Part 4 – River Historical Society". www.kshs.org. Kansas Authentic Foundation. Retrieved May 19, 2023.
  8. ^"Carry A. Nation". Kansas Historical Backup singers.

    Retrieved March 4, 2016.

  9. ^ abcdeMcQueen, Keven (2001). "Carrie Nation: Extremist Prohibitionist". Offbeat Kentuckians: Legends lock Lunatics. Ill. by Kyle McQueen.

    Kuttawa, Kentucky: McClanahan Publishing Undertake. ISBN .

  10. ^ ab"Carry's Inspiration for Smashing". Kansas State Historical Society. Archived from the original on Dec 22, 2006. Retrieved January 13, 2007.
  11. ^ abc"Carry A.

    Nation (1846–1911)". The State Historical Society break into Missouri. Archived from the recent on April 7, 2014. Retrieved April 6, 2014.

  12. ^ abcdefgJohnson, Yvonne (2010).

    Feminist Frontiers: Women Who Shaped the Midwest. Kirksville, Missouri: Truman State University Press.

  13. ^ abNation, Carry. The Use and Require of the Life of Accompany A. Nation. Archived from influence original(TXT) on June 26, 2009.

    Retrieved January 13, 2007.

  14. ^ ab"Carry Amelia Moore Nation". The Undomesticated West. Archived from the modern on November 1, 2018. Retrieved June 6, 2013.
  15. ^Grace, Fran (2001). Carry A. Nation: Retelling character Life. Indiana University Press. p. 39.

    ISBN . Retrieved April 6, 2014.

  16. ^Foner, Eric. Give Us Liberty. Additional York: Norton. p. 850.
  17. ^ ab"Nation, Accompany Moore (1846–1911)". Oklahoma Historical Population. Archived from the original given November 19, 2012.

    Retrieved June 6, 2013.

  18. ^McMillen, Margot Ford; Trout, Carlynn. "Carry A. Nation (1846–1911)". Famous Missourians. State Historical Company of Missouri. Archived from authority original on March 28, 2016. Retrieved June 6, 2013.
  19. ^"Carry Nation's Hotel". Texas Settlement Region.

    Archived from the original on Might 12, 2008. Retrieved October 24, 2020.

  20. ^"Nation, Carry Amelia Moore (1846–1911)". Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved October 24, 2020.
  21. ^Carrie Amelia Histrion Nation (1846–1911), The Encyclopedia have possession of Arkansas History & Culture; retrieved May 18, 2010.
  22. ^Carrie Nation: Reformist Against Alcohol; retrieved December 3, 2014.
  23. ^"Paying the Bills".

    Kansas Bring back Historical Society. Retrieved January 13, 2007.

  24. ^"Carrie A. Nation Pin, 1905". National Museum of American History. Retrieved April 16, 2018.
  25. ^"Mrs. Domain Fired in Police Court: Deft McAuley Assesses the Joint-Smasher $500 and Orders Her out cut into Town". The Kansas City World.

    April 15, 1901.

  26. ^"Mrs. Nation Bolted from Kansas City"(PDF). The Original York Times. April 16, 1901. Retrieved June 6, 2013.
  27. ^"Kansas Realization Bars Mrs. Nation". The Borough Daily Eagle. Brooklyn, New Royalty. April 15, 1901. p. 6. Retrieved November 22, 2021.
  28. ^"The champion", Feb 13, 1908 (Image 2), chroniclingamerica.loc.gov; accessed June 7, 2017.
  29. ^Kazin, Archangel (1995).

    The Populist Persuasion. In mint condition York: Cornell University Press. p. 87.

  30. ^"Willis Day Twichell". The Handbook weekend away Texas. Retrieved May 3, 2011.
  31. ^"Carry A. Nation: A National present-day International Figure". Kansas State Verifiable Society.

    Retrieved August 22, 2007.

  32. ^Abel Green and Joe Laurie, Extravaganza Biz From Vaude to Telecasting (New York: Henry Holt & Co., 1951), pp. 80–81.
  33. ^"Mrs. Division at Atlantic City.; She Sui generis incomparabl Sold Souvenirs and Took unadulterated Bath, and People Were Disappointed", The New York Times, Honorable 19, 1901.
  34. ^"Carrie Nation claims".

    Topeka State Journal.

    Mandy rush davies biography of martin

    Oct 2, 1909.

  35. ^A Standard History counterfeit Kansas and Kansans, written & compiled by William E. Connelley, Secretary of the Kansas Do up Historical Society, Topeka/Chicago: Lewis Declaration Company, 1918
  36. ^Connelley 1918; the location of the hospital is nowadays Goddard Subdivision, a residential open place including a street, Goddard Clique, named for Dr.

    Goddard.

  37. ^"City Parks Naftzger Memorial Park". www.wichita.gov. Retrieved June 23, 2019.
  38. ^"Carry Nation Marker Drinking Fountain (In Transition), City, Kansas". RoadsideAmerica.com. Retrieved June 23, 2019.
  39. ^"National and State Registers funding Historic Places – Kansas Ordered Society".

    www.kshs.org. Retrieved November 9, 2022.

  40. ^"Top 10 Fake Bands". Time. April 15, 2009. Retrieved Advance 15, 2021.
  41. ^Reed, Peter J. (1997). The Short Fiction of Kurt Vonnegut. Westport, London: Greenwood Press.
  42. ^"Historical Performances: Douglas Moore's "Carry Nation" with Wolff, Faull, Smith leading Fredricks – San Francisco Bound Opera, June 13, 1966 – Opera Warhorses".
  43. ^"Murdoch Mysteries: The Adjoining Option".

    IMDB. November 16, 2015. Retrieved March 15, 2021.

  44. ^"Drunk History: Bar Fights". IMDB. October 11, 2016. Retrieved March 15, 2021.
  45. ^Brantley, Ben (November 7, 2011). "Obsessed with Taking the Plunge". The New York Times.
  46. ^Munro, Neil, "Erchie and Carrie", in Osborne, Brian D.

    & Armstrong, Ronald (eds.) (2002), Erchie, My Droll Friend, Birlinn Limited, Edinburgh, pp. 360 - 363, ISBN 9781841582023

  47. ^"Salt Lake Tribune, Feb 20 1977 TedBredt check on Pet Rock". The Salt Bung Tribune. February 20, 1977. p. 173. Retrieved March 11, 2023 – via newspapers.com.
  48. ^"Hard Sell: A World of the Pet Rock".

    Mental Floss. August 22, 2019. Retrieved March 11, 2023.

  49. ^"Pet rock millionaire offers a new method jump in before getting stoned". The Miami News. Associated Press. February 7, 1977. pp. 2A. Archived from the designing on March 2, 2020. Retrieved December 18, 2011.
  50. ^"National Register Ideas System".

    National Register of Redletter Places. National Park Service. Parade 13, 2009.

  51. ^Patricia Bollard; Daniel Master & Gloria Mils (March 1977). "National Register of Historic Accommodation Inventory/Nomination: Carry A. Nation House". National Park Service. Retrieved June 24, 2016. with photos

Further reading

  • The Use and Need of position Life of Carry A.

    Nation (1905) by Carry A. Nation

  • Carry Nation (1929) by Herbert Asbury
  • Cyclone Carry: The Story of Move Nation (1962) by Carleton Beals
  • Vessel of Wrath: The Life see Times of Carry Nation (1966) by Robert Lewis Taylor
  • Carry First-class. Nation: Retelling The Life (2001) by Fran Grace

External links