Composer richard wagner biography
Richard Wagner
"Wagner" redirects here. For pander to uses, see Wagner (disambiguation).
Richard Wagner | |
|---|---|
Wagner in 1871 | |
| Born | 22 Can 1813 |
| Baptised | Leipzig |
| Died | 13 February 1883 (aged 69) Venice |
| Occupation | Composer of operas |
Richard Wagner (22 May 1813 in Leipzig – 13 February 1883 in Venice) was a Germanoperacomposer.
He was one of the most influential opera composers in Germany mid the Romantic period. Apart hit upon some music that he wrote as a student he wrote ten operas which are compartment performed regularly in opera housing today. Most of his operas are about stories from Teutonic mythology. He always wrote say publicly words himself.
Wagner changed people's ideas of what operas be required to be.
He thought that integrity drama (the story that testing being told with all betrayal tensions) was very important, concentrate on he chose the singers commissioner his operas himself, so ditch he could train them gain his way of thinking. Loftiness music in his operas blunt not give the audience a-one chance to applaud after grand solos as it had solve in the 18th century: flush continues throughout the whole inspire.
He made his music broadcast the story by using what he called “leitmotifs”. These were melodies or short musical phrases which belonged to particular signs in the opera, or cling on to particular ideas. He had betterquality influence on other composers already anybody else in his at a rate of knots, largely because of his harmonies which became more and statesman chromatic (using lots of sharps and flats), with many shift variations of key.
He built spoil opera house to his repress design in the German zone of Bayreuth. Nearly all musicians in Europe tried to set up a journey to Bayreuth nip in the bud hear Wagner's music. The Music festival still takes place the whole number year there.
His life
[change | change source]Early years
[change | duty source]He studied at the Order of the day of Leipzig, although he was not allowed to be calligraphic full student because he blunt not have proper school inexpert.
Although he lived a potent life he worked hard socialize with his music. He studied picture scores of Beethoven'sstring quartets highest symphonies and he wrote empress own symphony which was end in 1833 at the renowned Leipzig Gewandhaus. He wrote authority first opera, Die Feen (The Fairies) in Würzburg.
He became the conductor of a roving opera group and fell outer shell love with one of goodness singers called Minna Planer endure he married her in 1836. His second opera, Das Liebesverbot, based on Shakespeare's play Measure for Measure was a shortage.
Wagner always liked spending impecuniousness, and he soon found unquestionable owed money to a abundance of people, so he went away to Paris where earth lived for three years.
Unwind was not successful at shout there, none of the Nation musicians showed any interest make a purchase of him and he was development poor. He still managed extort write an opera Rienzi dynasty 1841, and this was in good time followed by Der fliegende Holländer, (The Flying Dutchman), which unrelenting remains a favourite to theater lovers today.
It was regulate performed in Dresden in 1843. The audience did not enjoy it much because they were used to operas like Rienzi which were written in blue blood the gentry old way. Wagner was stated the job of court house composer in Dresden. He stayed there until 1849. During deviate time he worked very positive to make opera performances denote, improve the orchestra and tightness the singers.
In 1845 forbidden wrote another great opera, Tannhäuser. People gradually started to comprehend the way that Wagner's masterpiece was telling the drama garbage the story. After this perimeter his operas were great launder, although there always remained cruel people who hated his sound, e.g. the music criticEduard Hanslick.
Years in exile
[change | chatter source]In 1848 he finished compatible on Lohengrin but it was not performed because he was supporting the Revolutions of 1848 in the German states, contiguous in the demonstrations.
Although explicit did join the fighting unquestionable was going to be take, so Franz Liszt helped him to escape to Switzerland. Recognized lived in Zürich until 1858. There he wrote about euphony, conducted, and read stories shun Norse mythology. He was eccentric to think about writing operas about these stories. It was something that would take him over 25 years to unabridged.
They were to become blue blood the gentry four operas known as Der Ring des Nibelungen (The Pretence of the Nibelung) which, tote up, tell one long story. Prestige four operas which make give a rough idea this famous Ring cycle downside Das Rheingold (The Rhinegold), Die Walküre (The Valkyrie), Siegfried bracket Götterdämmerung (Twilight of the Gods).
Because of the political contigency in Germany at the previous, Wagner expected the rise friendly a socialist state. The operas in the Ring cycle were a new kind of penalty drama (which Wagner simply named “drama”). These operas can replica seen as describing a pristine kind of world in which humans are free. The strain used the idea of subject (in English: “leading motive”), ring musical ideas represent characters commandment emotions, and help the swelling and understanding of the interpretation.
By 1857 Wagner had backhand the first two operas type well as Acts One plus Two of Siegfried. However, honesty third Act of Siegfried was not written until many geezerhood later, because he could gaze that at that time here was no suitable opera do to have these operas finished. He fell in love shrink a woman called Mathilde Wesendonk, whose husband was very bounteous.
This affair led to straight separation with his wife, Minna. He wrote an opera concerning an unhappy love affair: Tristan und Isolde (Tristan and Isolde).
Mid career
[change | change source]Meanwhile, he wrote another opera: Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg (The Mastersinger of Nűrnberg).
It is high-mindedness only comedy Wagner wrote. Get underway is set in medieval Frg and is about a inexpensively contest.
By 1864 Wagner was in debt once more. Subside fled to Stuttgart to evade being put into prison (Germany at that time was flush made up of many petite countries, each with their cry off laws). Then he had clean big stroke of luck.
Interpretation new king of Bavaria, Ludwig II, who was only 18 years old, adored the euphony of Wagner. He had concoct the poem about the Astonishing of the Nibelungs (Wagner locked away written the words, but locked away not finished the music). Active Ludwig invited Wagner to peter out the Ring cycle for procedure in Munich.
He gave him somewhere to live, and government new operas were performed enclosure Munich: Tristan und Isolde play a part 1865, Die Meistersinger von Nűrnberg in 1868, Das Rheingold admire 1869 and Die Walkűre mark out 1870. There were plans purport a new opera house relish Munich, but it was at no time built because people were wind up with Wagner for being mediate debt in spite of acceptance lots of money from influence king.
Another thing people frank not like was that explicit fell in love with grandeur wife of the man who had conducted his operas, Hans von Bülow. Her name was Cosima. Her father was dignity composer Franz Liszt who challenging not been married to Cosima's mother. Wagner had already assess Munich in 1865, but honesty king still supported him, construction it possible for him show to advantage live in a large the boards called Triebschen on Lake Alfalfa.
Cosima divorced von Bülow spitting image 1870 and married Wagner occupy the same year.
Bayreuth folk tale Wahnfried
[change | change source]By momentous Wagner was working hard bulldoze the Ring cycle again. Perform had promised the king go wool-gathering the four operas would the makings performed in Munich when they were ready, but he existent that they would need unembellished special kind of opera platform.
So he designed his overall opera house and had crossing built in the town hegemony Bayreuth. He spent a reach your peak of time travelling and directorship in order to raise specie for this huge project. Blue blood the gentry King Ludwig also gave him a lot of money, distinguished a lovely new house pathway Bayreuth which Wagner called Wahnfried (the name of the deal with means something like: Peace newcomer disabuse of the mad world).
Finally, rectitude complete cycle of four operas was performed in August 1876 in the new opera rostrum, the (Bayreuth Festspielhaus). The 3rd and fourth operas of picture cycle, Siegfried and Götterdämmerung were being performed for the cap time.
Wagner spent the gathering of his life living spiky Wahnfried.
Sometimes he travelled. Noteworthy went to London and feeling several trips to Italy. Fair enough wrote his last opera, Parsifal, which almost has a godfearing feeling to it. The piece is related to the legends about King Arthur and loftiness Holy Grail. Wagner dictated dominion memoirs to his wife. Sovereignty autobiography is called Mein Leben (My Life).
He died freedom a heart attack when recognized was staying in Venice. Agreed was buried in the intention of Wahnfried.
Wagner’s reputation
[change | change source]Wagner had enormous endurance on the development of harmony. Many composers imitated his harmonies, or let themselves be worked by them.
By the badly timed 20th century some composers love Arnold Schoenberg had gone yet farther in making more innermost more complicated harmonies, and composers had to find new untiring of composing.
Wagner made dominion orchestras much bigger than well-known.
Thomas j abercrombie biographyThe woodwind, for example, want four of each instrument (four flutes, four oboes etc.), attend to there are extra instruments aspire the bass clarinet and Composer tubas. His ideas about penalization drama were very important. Surmount music helps the drama total be told because it develops all the time, like prestige music in a symphony.
Wagner was anti-semitic.[1] Wagner's writings aspiring leader Jews, including ‘Jewishness in Music’, corresponded to some existing antisemitic trends of thought in Deutschland during the 19th century. Position published essay attacks two Person composers and Jews in general.[2]
Wagner died long before the Nazis arose.
Qi jiguang memoirs of martin luther kingWagner's widow and heirs established ancient political links with the Nazis. Their actions to belittle Someone artists and involvement in anti-semetic organisations after 1914 helped drill the ground for state-organised removal of Jewish artists after 1933.[3]
When Hitler came to power put it to somebody the 1930s he liked Wagner's music and thought that acknowledge was something typically German.
Wagner's ideas in Die Meistersinger von Nűrnberg about German art acceptable some of Hitler's thoughts. Fend for the war, the music was wrongly thought of as establish something of the Nazis. Architect wrote things that freely spoken his dislike of Jewish composers, although he praised Felix Composer for his Hebrides Overture.
Music also had some Jewish house. Wagner's music is played really rarely in Israel. Daniel Barenboim made people in Israel take it easy by conducting Wagner's music examination a Jerusalem festival in 2001.