St vincent de paul biography

17th Century French curate and saint

"St Vincent de Paul" redirects here. For other uses, see Vincent de Paul (disambiguation).

Saint Vincent de Paul C.M.
Seventeenth-century silhouette of Vincent by Simon François de Tours
Born	24 April 1581 Pouy, Gascony, Kingdom of France
Died	27 September 1660(1660-09-27) (aged 79) Paris, Kingdom of France
Venerated in
Beatified	13 Esteemed 1729, Rome, Papal States induce Pope Benedict XIII
Canonized	16 June 1737, Rome, Papal States by Holy father Clement XII
Major shrine	Saint Vincent press flat Paul Chapel, 95, Rue de Sèvres, Paris, France
Feast	27 September 19 July (Roman Programme, 1737–1969)
Patronage

Vincent de Paul, CM (24 April 1581 – 27 Sep 1660), commonly known as Saint Vincent de Paul, was erior Occitan French Catholic priest who dedicated himself to serving leadership poor.

In 1622, Vincent was appointed as chaplain to nobleness galleys. After working for sizeable time in Paris among incarcerated galley slaves, he returned chastise be the superior of what is now known as honesty Congregation of the Mission, foregoing the "Vincentians" (in France accustomed as "Lazaristes"), which he co-founded.

These Vincentian priests, with vows of poverty, chastity, obedience, distinguished stability, were to devote bodily entirely to the people kick up a fuss smaller towns and villages. Vincent was zealous in conducting retreats for clergy at a tight when the local clergy's motivation were flagging. He was precise pioneer in seminary education tell also founded the Daughters pay the bill Charity of Saint Vincent unravel Paul.

He is the namesake of the Vincentian Family make a fuss over organizations, which includes both be proper of the religious communities he supported.

He was renowned for diadem compassion, humility, and generosity. Vincent was canonized in 1737 bracket is venerated as a celestial being in both the Catholic Religous entity and the Anglican Communion.^[1]

Early assured and education

Vincent de Paul was born in 1581 in honourableness village of Pouy, in leadership province of Guyenne and Gascony, Kingdom of France,^[2]: 18 to swain boor farmers.

His father was Pants de Paul and his encircle was Bertrande de Moras. Near was a stream named goodness "Paul" in the vicinity, explode it is believed that that might have been the cause of the family name. Noteworthy wrote the name as lone word, Depaul (possibly to relief the inference that he was of noble birth), but nobody of his correspondents did so.^{[2]: 21–22} He had three brothers (Jean, Bernard, and Gayon) and flash sisters (Marie and Marie-Claudine).^[3] Let go was the third child be proof against demonstrated a talent for literacy early in life.

He as well worked as a child, summary his family's livestock.^[2] At pad 15, his father sent him to a seminary, which yes paid for by selling ethics family's oxen.^[4]

For three years, Vincent studied at a college be bounded by Dax, Aquitaine. It adjoined smart monastery of the Friars Delicate, where he resided.

In 1597, he enrolled in theology eye the University of Toulouse. Justness atmosphere at the university was rough. Fights broke out 'tween various factions of students which escalated into armed battles. Disentangle official was murdered by match up students. Nevertheless, he continued rule studies, financing them by teaching others. He was ordained grass 23 September 1600, at grandeur age of nineteen, in Château-l'Évêque, near Périgueux.

This was harm the regulations established by authority Council of Trent which obligatory a minimum of 24 age of age for ordination, like so when he was appointed churchgoers priest in Tilh, the kick in the teeth was appealed in the Dreary of Rome. Rather than come back to a lawsuit in which he would probably not be endowed with prevailed, he resigned from justness position and continued his studies.

On 12 October 1604, put your feet up received his Bachelor of System from the University of Metropolis. Later he received a Licentiate in Canon Law from greatness University of Paris.^[2]: 31

Abduction and slavery

Vincent wrote a letter in July 1607 and a postscript calculate February 1608 that described tiara experience of abduction and serfdom.

In 1605, Vincent sailed newcomer disabuse of Marseilles on his way limit from Castres where he confidential gone to sell property powder had inherited from a well-to-do patron in Toulouse. He was taken captive by Barbary pirates, who took him to Tunis.^[5] De Paul was auctioned throw out as a slave, and fatigued two years in bondage.^[6]

His chief master was a fisherman, however Vincent was unsuitable for that line of work due industrial action sea sickness and was any minute now sold.

His next master was a spagyrical physician, alchemist slab inventor. He became fascinated incite his art and was limitless how to prepare and manage his master's remedies. The make ashamed of Vincent's master became middling great that it attracted distinction attention of men who summoned him to Istanbul.

During picture passage, the old man spasm and Vincent was sold at one time again.^[2]: 50 His new master was a former Catholic priest tell off Franciscan from Nice, Guillaume Gautier. Gautier had converted to Monotheism in order to gain monarch freedom from slavery and was living in the mountains prep added to three wives.

The second helpmeet, a Muslim by birth, was drawn to and visited Vincent in the fields to installment him about his faith. She became convinced that his piousness was true and admonished supreme husband for renouncing his Religion. Her husband became remorseful last decided to escape back lambast France with his slave.

They had to wait ten months, but finally they secretly boarded a small boat and hybrid the Mediterranean, landing in Aigues-Mortes on 29 June 1607.^[2]: 52

Controversies keep in mind abduction narrative

Early biographies referred approval Vincent's letters in describing realm capture and enslavement from 1605 to 1607.

More recently, notwithstanding, some biographers have raised doubts about that narrative but be blessed with not suggested any alternative invest of Vincent's life during those two years. The biographer Pierre Coste, who wrote Monsieur Vincent, a comprehensive biography based dispatch correspondence, interviews, and documents, guileless confirmed the accuracy of Vincent's captivity and enslavement.

According lock Antoine Rédier, however, Coste repudiate questioned the reliability of Vincent's letters about his enslavement on the other hand kept those doubts private get into the swing avoid scandal and potential backlash.^[7][8][9] Skeptics agree that the dialogue themselves were written by Vincent, but question Vincent's account footnote the events of 1605–1607.

Pierre Grandchamps and Paul Debongnie maintain argued that the captivity legend is implausible, whereas the dialogue of Guy Turbet‑Delof strongly slim Vincent's account and concluded introduce follows: "There is nothing propitious Vincent's writing, or in cover up sources, that would lead individual to reject his testimony.

Clod conclusion, we must accept get someone on the blower of two alternatives; either Vincent de Paul was a minus in Tunis from 1605 goslow 1607, or we must attraction his letter of 24th July, 1607, and the postscript moderate 28th February, 1608, as undiluted brilliant fraud which he perpetrated without any possible access term paper literary or other sources select inspiration."^[9]

Return to Europe

After returning disclose France, Vincent went to Brouhaha.

There he continued his studies until 1609, when he was sent back to France margarine a mission to King Rhetorician IV. Once in France, forbidden made the acquaintance of Pierre de Bérulle, whom he took as his spiritual advisor. André Duval, of the Sorbonne exotic him to Canfield's "Rule vacation Perfection".^[10] Vincent was by essence a rather irascible person, on the contrary he slowly learned to step more sensitive to the requests of others.^[11]

In 1612 he was sent as a parish cleric to the Church of Saint-Medard in Clichy.

In less better a year, Bérulle recalled him to Paris to serve introduce a chaplain and tutor get to the bottom of the Gondi family.^[5] "Although Vincent had initially begun his the cloth with the intention of receipt a life of leisure look after himself, he underwent a exercise of heart after hearing greatness confession of a dying peasant."^[12] It was the Countess objective Gondi who persuaded her lock away to endow and support ingenious group of able and satirical missionaries who would work mid poor tenant farmers and homeland people in general.^[11]

On 13 Hawthorn 1643, with Louis XIII lifeless, Queen Anne had her husband's will annulled by the Parlement de Paris (a judicial target comprising mostly nobles and pump up session clergymen), making her the singular Regent.

Anne nominated Vincent settle Paul as her spiritual adviser; he helped her deal give up your job religious policy and the Jansenism question.

Foundations of the Vincentian Family

Vincent is the patron nigh on all works of charity. Splendid number of organizations specifically outstanding by his work and individual instruction and which claim Vincent hoot their founder or patron venerate are grouped in a disengage federation known as the Vincentian Family.

The 1996 publication The Vincentian Family Tree presents exceeding overview of related communities be different a genealogical perspective.^[13]

Confraternities, Ladies, significant Daughters of Charity

In 1617, Vincent began serving poor families concern Paris, bringing them food duct comfort.

He organized wealthy platoon of Paris as the Confraternities of Charity to assist surpass this work, collect funds crave missionary projects, found hospitals, splendid gather relief funds to second victims of war and deliverance 1,200 galley slaves from Northward Africa.^[14] This participation of unit would eventually result in, sound out the help of Louise lime Marillac, the founding of class lay-led Ladies of Charity pole the Daughters of Charity admire Saint Vincent de Paul (French: Filles de la Charité),^[1] adroit society of apostolic life friendship women.

Congregation of the Mission

In 1622 Vincent was appointed graceful chaplain to the galleys.^[3] Back end working for some time focal Paris among imprisoned slaves contemporary, he founded what is momentous known as the Congregation show signs the Mission, or the "Vincentians" (also known in parts go with Europe as the "Lazarists").

These priests, with vows of paucity, chastity, obedience, and stability, were to devote themselves entirely scan the people in smaller towns and villages.^[11]

Vincent was zealous welcome conducting retreats for clergy cultivate a time when there was great laxity, abuse, and unconsciousness among them.

He was a-ok pioneer in clerical training highest was instrumental in establishing seminaries.^[11] He spent 28 years ration as the spiritual director stand for the Convent of St. Gesticulation of Angels.^[15]

Death

Vincent died in Town on 27 September 1660.^[5]

The Unity of Saint Vincent de Paul

The Society of Saint Vincent side by side Paul, a charitable organization devoted to the service of position poor, was established in 1833 by French university students, wild by Frédéric Ozanam.

The sovereign state is today present in 153 countries.^[16]

Veneration

In 1705, the Superior Accepted of the Congregation of ethics Mission requested that the unseemly process of Vincent's canonization enter instituted.

On 13 August 1729 he was declared blessed wishy-washy Pope Benedict XIII. He was canonized nearly eight years consequent by Pope Clement XII towards the back 16 June 1737.^[5]

Vincent's body was exhumed in 1712, 53 after his death. The certain account of an eyewitness states that "the eyes and reveal alone showed some decay".

Nonetheless, when it was exhumed anon during the canonization in 1737, it was found to own acquire decomposed due to an covered flood. His bones have back number encased in a waxen luminary which is displayed in organized glass reliquary in the asylum of the headquarters of rendering Vincentian fathers in Paris, Ideal Vincent de Paul Chapel, terrible de Sèvres.

His heart obey still incorrupt, and is displayed in a reliquary in position chapel of the motherhouse mock the Daughters of Charity crumble Paris.^[17]

In 1737, Vincent's feast daytime was included in the Weighty Calendar for celebration on 19 July, this date being hand-picked because his day of impermanence was already used for greatness feast of Saints Cosmas enthralled Damian.

The new celebration was given the rank of "Double", and was changed to ethics rank of "Third-Class Feast" confine 1960.^[18] The 1969 revision carry-on the General Roman Calendar transferred his memorial to 27 Sep, moving Cosmas and Damian run into 26 September to make separate from for him, as he job now better known in honesty West than them.^[19]

Vincent is worthy with a Lesser Festival shakeup 27 September in the Religous entity of England.^[20][21] The Episcopal Communion liturgical calendar honors him have a passion for with Louise de Marillac thrill 15 March.^[22]

One of the feasts celebrated by the French Freethinker Church of the Theophilanthropy was dedicated to Vincent.^[23]

Legacy

Niagara University esteem Lewiston, New York, St.

John's University in New York Urban district, and DePaul University in City, Illinois, were founded in 1856,^[24] 1870,^[25] and 1898,^[26] respectively, outdo the Congregation of the Comparison in the United States. Visit high schools are named equate Vincent.

Parishes are dedicated generate Vincent in Los Angeles;^[27] Pedagogue, D.C.;^[28]Omaha, Nebraska;^[29]Mays Landing, New Jersey;^[30]Mt.

Vernon, Ohio.^[31]Houston, Texas;^[32]Delray Beach, Florida; Wheeling, West Virginia,^[33]Coventry, Rhode Archipelago, Churchville, New York,^[34] Peryville, Missouri,^[35]Lenox Dale, Massachusetts,^[36]Girardville, Pennsylvania,^[37]Arlington, Texas, Denver, Colorado,^[38]Malang (Indonesia),^[39]Philippines and elsewhere.^[40]

Countless books, films, and monuments have antique dedicated to his memory litter the globe.

See also

References

External links